时间：2024年4月26（周六）9：00

地点：气候变化与能源经济研究中心会议室

Paper1：孙泽 Drivers of eco-efficiency and the criticality of environmental policy stringency in OECD countries

摘要：Existing studies show that environmental policies can improve eco-efficiency, but their moderating effect has been ignored in the literature. In this study, we investigate how the multidimensional reality of environmental policy stringency influences the interplay between export diversification and eco-efficiency in the nine most economically diversified OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) economies.Adopting balanced panel data from 1995 to 2020, empirical results based on Method of Moments Quantile Regression indicate that environmental policy stringency and technological innovation improve the eco-efficiency of OECD countries. Export diversification, energy utilisation, and financial deepening, on the other hand, are found to have negative relationships with eco-efficiency in OECD countries. The results also indicate that the relationship between economic growth and eco-efficiency follows a U-type pattern, confirming the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Furthermore, the marginal effect of export diversification on ecoefficiency increases as environmental policy stringency increases, suggesting that a simultaneous increase in export diversification and environmental policy stringency can improve eco-efficiency. The implication of these findings is that export diversification policies must be combined with more stringent environmental policies and programs to facilitate eco-efficiency and ecological sustainability.

Paper2：王晓伟Keeping the global consumption within the planetary boundaries

摘要：The disparity in environmental impacts across diferent countries has been widely acknowledged. However, ascertaining the specifc responsibility within the complex interactions of economies and consumption groups remains a challenging endeavour. Here, using an expenditure database that includes up to 201 consumption groups across 168 countries, we investigate the distribution of 6 environmental footprint indicators and assess the impact of specifc consumption expenditures on planetary boundary transgressions. We show that 31–67% and 51–91% of the planetary boundary breaching responsibility could be attributed to the global top 10% and top 20% of consumers, respectively, from both developed and developing countries. By following an effective mitigation pathway, the global top 20% of consumers could adopt the consumption levels and patterns that have the lowest environmental impacts within their quintile, yielding a reduction of 25–53% in environmental pressure. In this scenario, actions focused solely on the food and services sectors would reduce environmental pressure enough to bring land-system change and biosphere integrity back within their respective planetary boundaries. Our study highlights the critical need to focus on high-expenditure consumers for efectively addressing planetary boundary transgressions.